The Mekong Delta, located in southern Vietnam, is highly susceptible to the impacts of sea level rise (SLR). This region, home to approximately 17 million residents, faces significant threats as global temperatures rise and ice sheets melt.
Studies suggest that a sea level rise of 100 cm could permanently submerge about 40% of the Mekong Delta by 2100, affecting 55% of its population. The delta’s low-lying geography exacerbates its vulnerability, making it prone to flooding and storm surges. Additionally, land subsidence, primarily due to excessive groundwater extraction, further intensifies the effects of SLR. On average, the delta experiences sinking rates in the range of 10-30 millimeters per year, increasing susceptibility to flooding.
Saltwater intrusion poses another challenge, contaminating freshwater sources and impacting agriculture. The intrusion is expected to reach up to 80 kilometers inland by 2050, threatening rice cultivation and food security.
To mitigate these challenges, the Vietnamese government and international partners are implementing adaptive strategies, including the construction of protective dikes, restoration of natural wetlands, and sustainable water management practices. These measures aim to bolster the delta’s resilience against the ongoing threats posed by sea level rise.